Linux

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A community for everything relating to the linux operating system

Also check out !linux_memes@programming.dev

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submitted 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) by boredsquirrel to c/linux@programming.dev
 
 

Hey guys! Remember that survey we took quite a while back?

Well, I didnt find the time to do the results earlier, so... here are they!

For those who didn't take part, here was the survey. You can still write silly stuff there! But I will probably not read it.

I still have no idea how to share the results, so here is the HTML bundle downloaded with SingleFile..

This Table, which should also be on Github as .csv, offers all answers of every user which you can play with. All users are completely anonymized.


Results

I will pick some random funny things.

Usage & Experience

The majority uses Linux since over 3 years. Most have used a few distros.

A lot of people give unpaid support for friends and family, which is great! Thats... what we are here for, right?

Most of you devs are not engineering systems, which makes sense, but I guess contributions from your companies could help?

We have quite some admins and people working with Linux, which is cool! Let me hear your experiences and coolest moments in your job?

Gender & Representation

Screenshot showing the results

Well, that is crazy! Interesting for sure. We are a huge majority male, together with about 5% women, 5% nonbinary people, a few agender people or some that dont feel in these categories.

The question about representation didnt resonate a lot with most, so there is low participation and many wrote it made no sense.

I dont think so, cough hyprland, but well, the majority feels represented, which specifically for this question is worth nothing XD

We have 25 people in the survey that dont feel represented! I think we should work on that, and of course feel free to post ideas on this.

Improvements to the Linux community

  1. We need to be friendly, inclusive and welcoming to newbies and each other. No elietism and separation among each other. Our goal is to free the world together, isn't it?
  2. Again, working together.
  3. Help very early newbies with onboarding, easy docs and tools
  4. More specialists on software, less duplicated efforts
  5. Use open platforms, not Discord

\1. and 3. got a ton of votes. So yes, if our goal is to spread the word, the first steps to the bright side need to be as easy and welcoming as possible!

Origin

screenshot of origin survey

We have more europeans than nothern americans!

poorly, veery few from all the rest, especially low in India, which was unexpected.

I dont know how, but I think this could be improved. The english-only communities may be an issue?

Age

That one surprised be a ton, as I am way below average.

Income

Linux is free software, so our goal should be to empower poor people.

We seem to kinda be able to do that?

Neurodivergence

I have ADHD and I have the feeling a ton of y'all cat ears are neurodivergent too.

Seems like I was right, ADHD and Autism are pretty common here.

Why did you start using Linux?

  • Windows annoyed me
  • privacy
  • tweaking the system

very few switched from macOS or ChromeOS, which is interesting but probably expected.

Contributions

Well... everyone can translate, support others on dedicated forums (or here) and donate a few cents! Come on guys! We can improve here.

Multiple systems

Way more people use multiple Linux systems than I thought.

A lot run Windows and macOS in parallel too, we even have some ChromeOS users! Only very few use Linux (as in "not Android" only!)

For the reasons, companies, schools, unis are just as much at fault as... gaming.

I had no idea this was such a big deal!

Also, not many use multiple systems for testing stuff (like me), but actually daily drive them!

Why do you use Linux?

  1. Freedom
  2. Privacy
  3. Fun
  4. No costs

Hardware

Most of you have hardware supported by Windows 11, which is interesting. The "pile of awesome Linux machines" didnt arrive yet!

Security

More people have unencrypted disks than encrypted ones. A few people dont even know what disk encryption is!

Of course I highly advise those people to learn a bit about that, I wouldnt want an unencrypted laptop.

For the reasons for encrypted systems

  • security
  • privacy

quite a few also have it as a school/uni/work requirement, which is great! Having an unencrypted company laptop... well no.

Distros

Well, Arch.

A ton of people use Debian too, then come Ubuntu and Fedora as base. 2 Slackers too!

And... the NixOS community here is bigger than OpenSUSE.

So, what distro did you use first?

  • Ubuntu
  • Debian

Obvious, but still worth asking.

Switching distros

Nobody switched away from NixOS, that one person starting on it is still rocking!

Many switched from OpenSUSE because they found something better.

From Arch, because... other? And for some it broke.

RedHat is the biggest reason why people switched from Fedora... which is a bit silly... but again "other" is the biggest reason, what happened guys??

Debian had too old packages, I feel you. "other" again huge, just as with Ubuntu, which scared people away with Snaps, GNOME, privacy issues and a whole lot of "other"!

Distro type

A third of you use small distros, most dont.

Not many use a small variant from a bigger distro (like Fedora Kinoite etc), which surprised me.

Distro optimizations

Many people simply want a better user experience. Again, gaming is a huge factor too, while privacy and security hardening is significant but not for many.

Modifications

People uninstall way less than they add additional stuff. Theming is less important than I thought.

Privacy and security tweaks are again pretty low, I encourage you to take a look!

Hardware

Even, which is again really surprising.

It may correlate with the quite old user base?

Only a few of you got that Android runs Linux ;D Or those all run PostmarketOS or something.

We have quite a few running hardware with official Linux support, which is cool!

And even though most is not officially supported, you still dont really have big issues, or none at all.

Coreboot

Only a tiny fraction you uses coreboot! While a huuuge majority trusts some random proprietary code running at highest priority.

I can encourage you to look into coreboot!

Of the ones using coreboot, a majority bought hardware with it.

For the ones looking, here a small list:

  • System76
  • Starlabs
  • 3mdeb, Novacustom
  • Nitrokey
  • A ton of Chromebooks with MrChromeBox coreboot
  • A few pretty old Thinkpads

And... nobody uses the Heads firmware! Which is a shame, as it is really cool and the only good measured boot implementation, outside of Google Pixels with GrapheneOS.

DE or Window Manager

A big majority uses KDE, followed by GNOME and then the Window Manager guys.

Cinnamon also has a reasonable user base.

Users of smaller desktops often didnt switch because they didnt like the direction of others (mostly GNOME) but simply because they are easy to use, lightweight... and then there are the Mint users.

34 Window Manager users have no hobbies, I feel you.

The main reason pro KDE is customization, while the traditional UI is also very important. A ton of users switched from GNOME to KDE, which should be a hint for Fedora and others.

Virtual Desktops

A majority uses them, which is crazy!

Wayland or X11

Many dont even know what they use, while Wayland is luckily the majority.

Reasons to stay on X11 are

  • missing features
  • software issues
  • the Mint users

Many people have considered changing the WM to a wayland-native one. A lot say they will probably switch soon, while there are a few that dont consider this.

Packages, Source, Flatpaks, ...

Most get their apps from the system repos, followed by native packages from 3rd party repos.

Flatpak is even below those 3rd party native packages, which have full control over your system! But they are close.

Appimages are used more than native packages that dont come from a repo, while both methods are pretty insecure and I hope you are careful with them!

Snaps have not many friends, which I can understand.

Immutable or not?

SteamOS has a ton of fans here, and more use NixOS than Fedora Atomic.

Android stays the most used immutable/composed/atomic system out there.

Not many are using new distros like VanillaOS, BlendOS etc.

Proprietary software

Beware, a rant. A ton of people runs whatever they need or want, even if it is proprietary!

Also a lot more people use non-flatpakked proprietary software, which can be a pretty big security risk, as those can do whatever they want.

Flatpaks

A lot of people like official maintenance of packages, the store and ease of use. Security through bubblewrap sandboxing is a high point too.

Many tell that sandboxing breaks their use case, which I would respond to with: This is not the intended behavior, they should work by default, please file bug reports!

Desktop integration is also an issue, which must be theming as other things normally just work.

Many people prefer distro packages and fear bloat through extra libraries.

Snaps are also a big cause for not liking them, which is a shame really.

Very few have actual hardware limitations to run the apps like that.

I dont know what to say to this, the result surprised me a lot. There seems to be huge emotional bias towards Flatpaks, or ignorance towards the security mess that running proprietary unsandboxed software is.


Anyways, those where not all answers, have a read through them!

Here is the link to the survey results if you have troubles with cut-off questions.

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cross-posted from: https://biglemmowski.win/post/2784381

I've remembered this exists and there seems to be some very recent activity in the repo so if you didn't know what was possible with TUI graphics now you know! (recommended watching with sound :)

Official site: https://notcurses.com/
Repo: https://github.com/dankamongmen/notcurses

PS: dank (the guy behind it) is definitely one of a kind, just read the releases haha

PPS: here is a doom running through notcurses in the terminal: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_w5rh3c76g

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The Xfce 4.20 schedule can be found on the Xfce.org Wiki. Expect Xfce 4.20 to offer up more Wayland support improvements, bug fixes, translation updates, and other modernization improvements. The developers have been hoping that Xfce 4.20 will feature usable Wayland support while retaining X11 compatibility.

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I was testing out Debian in a VM and trying to set up Timeshift to see if I can make snapshots and Timeshift didn't work because of how Debian sets up volumes with BTRFS.

Apparently Timeshift uses Ubuntu's way of setting up volumes and nothing else. Check this video to find out how to install Debian on BTRFS so it works with Timeshift.

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Hello,

So I've been a long time Linux user (since 2000) and for the past 20 years, I've been using exclusively Ubuntu and its flavours. Lately I've been seeing posts and articles about how Ubuntu's Snaps are ruining the user experience and causing a lot of discontent. Since I was on the verge of scrapping Windows on my machine and going full Linux.

I started to explore the different distros out there. I installed Linux Mint, (K/L)Ubuntu, Ubuntu Budgie, Debian, Endeavour OS (Arch), Bazzite, Fedora, OpenSuse Tumbleweed, Elementary OS, Fedora Kinoite, Nobara, etc. I wanted to see which one could be my next long run install it and forget it distro. In the end, I was already comfortable with Kubuntu and the few tests I tried in a VM seemed like it was still pretty solid and I really didn't have any reason to change. So I installed Kubuntu as my main and only OS... And I'm starting to regret it dearly.

Snaps really is awful. And the only reason is because Canonical is forcing it on its users. Modifying APT to install Snap packages instead of Debian packages?! And having certain software exclusively available as Snaps? Firefox, Thunderbird, CUPS, FFMpeg, and some of their own utilities like Firmware Updater, and even some KDE core stuff apparently?

So as I was finishing configuring my freshly installed Kubuntu, I was having problems with SDDM. My computer would completely freeze whenever I logged out. Like nothing worked except the power button on my PC. I installed the NVidia drivers and that appeared to have fixed it. I also installed ZSH and set it as my default shell. However, upon reboot, I realized all my Snap based apps were gone from my application menu. I couldn't even set them as default apps in the control center. Firefox being one of them and that's why I noticed.

After checking in the Discover app, I saw it was still installed. I noticed a bunch other ones were missing, but they all appeared as installed. I tried uninstalling Firefox and reinstalling, but that didn't work. I don't know whether it's Snap or KDE that's broken. So I started removing all the Snap variants and installing their Flatpak counterpart instead. But I soon realized this couldn't be done with all software. Like CUPS. The printing system. It's only available as a Snap??? You can't even install it as a Debian package? Some apps are only available as Snaps and they won't show up in my KDE applications menu or anywhere else.

This is incredibly frustrating and disappointing. I feel like I'm being pushed in a corner by Canonical. I'm afraid I really have to switch distributions after all these years. I think I'll be installing Debian 12 stable. Besides, with Flatpak I can get fairly updated applications instead of the .deb packages. So the "old packages" reputation becomes almost irrelevant.

UPDATE:

So installing zsh and setting it as my default shell is what broke Snap. Apparently, zsh doesn't run any of the /etc/profile and /etc/profile.d/ scripts which run scripts that set up environment variables for snap and flatpak and stuff. Adding the following line to /etc/zsh/zprofile fixed my problem:

emulate sh -c 'source /etc/profile'

Anyway, it's still bullshit.

UPDATE 2:

Thanks @Ephera@lemmy.ml for the advice. I've since reverted my default shell to bash in my /etc/passwd file and configured my console app to start ZSH instead to avoid any further problems. #LessonsLearned

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Just got back from a long but enjoyable day as I've convinced yet another to escape Windows and join Linux

Hopefully they should feel more comfortable with building their own computer and using Linux in general as I went through the entire process with them; from having them insert their new CPU all the way to boot switching between Linux and Windows 10 via ~~BIOS~~ UEFI

They've got a few proprietary requirements remaining (hence the dual boot) but 95% of their apps are now on PopOS (they're planning to switch to Arch in about 3-4 months after some certain conditions are met)


Just wanted to share this as I've missed posting on the fedicomms and also wanted to provide an update for afking🤗

Anyways here's another to Windows's death ~~knell~~ null!🎉

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https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2024-47176, archive

As of 10/1/24 3:52 UTC time, Trixie/Debian testing does not have a fix for the severe cupsd security vulnerability that was recently announced, despite Debian Stable and Unstable having a fix.

Debian Testing is intended for testing, and not really for production usage.

https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/cups-filters, archive

So the way Debian Unstable/Testing works is that packages go into unstable/ for a bit, and then are migrated into testing/trixie.

Issues preventing migration: ∙ ∙ Too young, only 3 of 5 days old

Basically, security vulnerabilities are not really a priority in testing, and everything waits for a bit before it updates.

I recently saw some people recommending Trixie for a "debian but not as unstable as sid and newer packages than stable", which is a pretty bad idea. Trixie/testing is not really intended for production use.

If you want newer, but still stable packages from the same repositories, then I recommend (not an exhaustive list, of course).:

  • Opensuse Leap (Tumbleweed works too but secure boot was borked when I used it)
  • Fedora

If you are willing to mix and match sources for packages:

  • Flatpaks
  • distrobox — run other distros in docker/podman containers and use apps through those
  • Nix

Can get you newer packages on a more stable distros safely.

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i've recently acquired a 4060 ti for €300 from a seller that i've been told was reliable. after installing the gpu and updating the drivers to the latest recommended ones i've noticed odd lag spikes lasting several seconds when using blender, these did not happen when i used my previous gtx 1060 ti.
How can i go about diagnosing if it's a gpu or driver issue? any benchmarks or tools i should use?

i'm on linux mint 21.3 cinnamon.

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cross-posted from: https://lemmy.zip/post/23601247

I hope this goes without saying but please do not run this on machines you don't own.

The good news:

  • the exploit seems to require user action

The bad news:

  • Device Firewalls are ineffective against this

  • if someone created a malicious printer on a local network like a library they could create serious issues

  • it is hard to patch without breaking printing

  • it is very easy to create printers that look legit

  • even if you don't hit print the cups user agent can reveal lots of information. This may be blocked at the Firewall

TLDR: you should be careful hitting print

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cross-posted from: https://ani.social/post/6217644

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This is a really great article about how to use BTRFS snapshots with examples.

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cross-posted from: https://lemmy.ndlug.org/post/1167059

COSMIC’s Alpha 2 release builds upon that work with functionality built out for Files, additional Settings pages, considerable infrastructure work for screen reader support+, and some highly requested window management features. System76 is ecstatic at the level of excitement and collaboration so far with alpha testers and early app & applet developers, and we look forward to seeing what comes from these new additions.

...

The second COSMIC alpha will be released on September 26th. Those participating in Alpha 1 on Pop!_OS can simply update through the COSMIC App Store to transition. This alpha will be followed by monthly alpha releases until all core features have been built out.

More coverage:

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Install instructions for OpenSuse Tumbleweed/ MicroOs using Full Disk Encryption secured by a TPM2 chip and measured boot or a FIDO2 key.

Nice to see OpenSuse pushing forward on securing the Linux Desktop with FDE and measured boot. Hope to see other distros following.

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