Stable Diffusion is unlikely to run on a Laptop GPU due to memory constraints, but you can run some simpler CUDA stuff on it most likely.
Otherwise it should work? What exactly do you have doubts about?
Some laptops allow you to disable to closed lid detection in the bios. But it is nice to reach the power button anyways, so usually its better to keep the lid open. On an old laptop I just removed the broken screen all together and connect an external one when needed.