I'm mot sure I understand what kind of answer you are looking for. What did the Whig historiography achieve? Or the Great Man theory? Isn't Critical Theory an academic approach that allows people in the humanities a different theoretical framework to approach the problems of culture, history, literature, etc? It's been pretty successful in that, and while I believe that academic scholarship has some influence on world affairs, it's generally the political zetgeist exerts more pressure on academic thinking than the other way around...
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What's learning good for?
I would say it's hard to quantify specific examples of it helping in the sense you mean, the point of it is to create more awareness of institutional prejudices that affect groups of people. Becoming aware of these prejudices is the first step towards finding ways for those institutions to provide their services more equally to people.
It has informed legislators that laws they otherwise might support, have racially biased flaws. That's pretty much the sum total of it's influence on anything.
Read the criticisms. Seeing everything as a struggle to dismantle structures of oppression, exclusion, and domination is a mental illness.
Thank you for answering. The question was in such a primordial state that I had to post it here, since I couldn't find many of the words. I have now seen that some branches of Critical Theory have been used to design a theoretical deliberative democracy that could be used someday, and not have as many problems as today. There is also work by very new authors to use Critical Theory to answer "What is to be done?", which I wondered was possible.