Linux

This is a quite complex process, and their documentation is incomplete and different 🥳

So here you go!

In the Fedora Forum we collect a lot of useful posts, that are not yet Documentation-ready (or not suited for Docs, as they are "too unofficial".

There are constantly new ones added.

@linux

Just made da switch from Windows 10 to Linux Mint. How do i get started?

I realize this is a Linux community, but I was wondering why you still hate Windows. I mean, I love Linux, but I will not argue that it's more convenient to the average person in most use cases to use Windows, I recently had to switch back to Windows and I realized how convenient it all was and how I was missing so many things because of my love for Linux. But at this point, Linux is a part of my personality and my self-image and I will not leave it, but I gotta be honest, it's pretty convenient being on Windows. So, why have you guys chosen to still stay on Linux? Some reasons I can appreciate include

1. The terrible privacy policies of Microsoft. It sometimes makes you feel like your computer is not owned by you but lent to you by Big Tech.
2. The community and the spirit of sharing
3. The joy of "figuring it out" and customizing everything you want to the minutest details
4. FREEDOM!!! sudo su Kinda ties into the previous points, but still one of the best selling points, the freedom to do whatever you want is liberating. You can run a server on it or you can create a script while knowing you have control over almost every FOSS app there is or just destroy your whole system with one command. Idk, feels good man!

These are the big ones, but one must realize you are sacrificing many things while not using windows too, productivity can be much greater there if you are a normie, it's really convenient! So yeah! Give me your reasons! Also, how many of you dual boot?

Hello guys,

I bought a new SSD (WD black sn770 2 TB) for my laptop and I also got a USB-C hub which includes a slot for an SSD. My old SSD is 512 GB

So here is what I want to do: I want to change to Linux from Windows 11. I want to keep my old SSD in the USB-C hub with Windows still installed in case I need it for some software/games but Linux will now be my main OS.

Are there any tips or recommendations on things I should look out for when doing this?

I also don't know if I can just install Linux in what is ATM the external SSD and then swap it out afterwards with the SSD inside the laptop without having to do anything extra and if it will just work like that.

I plan on following this tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfWdnCIrcxk.

Also any recommendations on how I can safely transfer some files? Do I need a special software?

In case interested this is the distro that I plan on using: https://garudalinux.org

As a side note, I did check that the SSD is compatible with my computer and has everything right.

I found this netbook(?) somewhere in old things and just wonder: can linux be installed on it?

For those veteran linux people, what was it like back in 90s? I did see and hear of Unix systems being available for use but I did not see much apart from old versions of Debian in use.

Were they prominent in education like universities? Was it mainly a hobbyist thing at the time compared to the business needs of 98, 95 and classic mac?

I ask this because I found out that some PC games I owned were apparently also on Linux even in CD format from a firm named Loki.

when i boot my computer after having run an update, my primary monitor (which should be at 1920x1080) is stuck at 640x480. interestingly, when i reboot and change nothing, it fixes itself until i run another update.

i'm on arch, using nvidia 555.58-2, on plasma 6.1.1-1. the monitor in question is DP-0 in the system info below.

what could be causing this and how can i fix it?

i've been having this issue for a while while kinda just dealing with it because it was something i could easily work around by booting my computer twice, but i'd really like to get it solved.

system info:

System:
  Host: ***** Kernel: 6.9.7-arch1-1 arch: x86_64 bits: 64
  Desktop: KDE Plasma v: 6.1.1 Distro: Arch Linux
Graphics:
  Device-1: NVIDIA GP104 [GeForce GTX 1080] driver: nvidia v: 555.58
  Device-2: EMEET HD Webcam C960 driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo type: USB
  Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 21.1.13 with: Xwayland v: 24.1.0 driver: X:
    loaded: N/A failed: nvidia gpu: nvidia resolution: 1: 1920x1080
    2: 1920x1080~60Hz 3: 1920x1080~60Hz
  API: EGL v: 1.5 drivers: kms_swrast,nvidia,swrast
    platforms: gbm,x11,surfaceless,device
  API: OpenGL v: 4.6.0 compat-v: 4.5 vendor: nvidia mesa v: 555.58
    renderer: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080/PCIe/SSE2
  API: Vulkan v: 1.3.279 drivers: nvidia surfaces: xcb,xlib

Screen 0: minimum 8 x 8, current 4480 x 1080, maximum 32767 x 32767
DVI-D-0 connected 1920x1080+1920+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 509mm x 286mm
   1920x1080     60.00*+
   1680x1050     59.95  
   1440x900      59.89  
   1280x1024     60.02  
   1280x800      59.81  
   1280x720      60.00  
   1152x864      75.00  
   1024x768      70.07    60.00  
   800x600       60.32    56.25  
   640x480       59.94  
HDMI-0 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 1600mm x 900mm
   3840x2160     30.00 +  59.94    29.97    23.98  
   4096x2160     59.94    24.00  
   1920x1080     60.00*   59.94    29.97    23.98    60.00  
   1680x1050     59.95  
   1440x900      59.89  
   1280x1024     60.02  
   1280x960      60.00  
   1280x800      74.93    59.81  
   1280x768      59.87  
   1280x720      60.00    59.94    29.97    23.98  
   1024x768      60.00  
   800x600       60.32    56.25  
   720x480       59.94  
   640x480       59.94    59.93  
DP-0 connected 640x480+3840+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm
   640x480       59.94*+
DP-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-3 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-4 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-5 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)

Screen 0: minimum 8 x 8, current 3840 x 1080, maximum 32767 x 32767
DVI-D-0 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 509mm x 286mm
   1920x1080     60.00*+
   1680x1050     59.95  
   1440x900      59.89  
   1280x1024     60.02  
   1280x800      59.81  
   1280x720      60.00  
   1152x864      75.00  
   1024x768      70.07    60.00  
   800x600       60.32    56.25  
   640x480       59.94  
HDMI-0 connected 1920x1080+1920+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 1600mm x 900mm
   3840x2160     30.00 +  59.94    29.97    23.98  
   4096x2160     59.94    24.00  
   1920x1080     60.00*   59.94    29.97    23.98    60.00  
   1680x1050     59.95  
   1440x900      59.89  
   1280x1024     60.02  
   1280x960      60.00  
   1280x800      74.93    59.81  
   1280x768      59.87  
   1280x720      60.00    59.94    29.97    23.98  
   1024x768      60.00  
   800x600       60.32    56.25  
   720x480       59.94  
   640x480       59.94    59.93  
DP-0 connected primary 1920x1080+1920+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 531mm x 299mm
   1920x1080     60.00 + 144.00*  119.98    99.93    59.94    50.00  
   1680x1050     59.88  
   1440x900      59.90  
   1280x1024     75.02    60.02  
   1280x720      60.00    59.94    50.00  
   1024x768     119.99    99.97    75.03    70.07    60.00  
   800x600      119.97    99.66    75.00    72.19    60.32    56.25  
   720x576       50.00  
   720x480       59.94  
   640x480      119.52    99.77    75.00    72.81    59.94    59.93  
DP-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-3 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-4 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-5 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)

I have 2 Linux pcs, wondering if I can have my time shifts backed up to 1 hard drive or if I need to have seperate drives for each PC.

EDIT: I was able to make a partition and use 1 hard drive to back up 2 different pcs. Thanks!

My Fedora 40 system won't boot with any kernel over 6.8.10.

I've had this problem for about a month now and have been putting it off, as I haven't really been using my computer recently, but it needs to be addressed.

I'm running a Fedora 40 KDE 6 distro, which was upgraded from Fedora 39. It's been working pretty well for the half year I've been using it but recently I've encountered an issue. About a month ago, after upgrading my system to kernel 6.8.10, my system started to hang while in boot.

usb 1-10 device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ OK ] Started plymouth-start.service - Show Plymouth Boot Screen [ OK ] Started systemd-ask-password-plymoūquests to Plymouth Directory Watch [ OK ] Reached target paths.target - Path Units. [ OK ] Found device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-dūsung SSD 970 EVO Plus 500GB fedora. [ OK ] Reached target initrd-root-device.target - Initrd Root Device. [ *** ] Job dev-mapper-cl\x2dswap.device/start running (xxs / no limit)

Fortunately Fedora saves the previous 2 kernels versions and I was able to boot into my computer using Kernel 6.8.9. When I went to check what was wrong I noticed that with kernel 6.8.10 it always hangs at this part of the boot process.

[ *** ] Job dev-mapper-cl\x2dswap.device/start running (xxs / no limit)

I understood that this has something to do with swap but I'm unsure what the issue is exactly. My Fedora install doesn't have a swap partition, it uses zram. I'm unsure if that's an issue.

I've reinstalled kernel 6.8.10 and it didn't fix the issue. I've also upgraded my machine to use kernel 6.8.11 and see if that would fix anything, but it did nothing, and upgrading to 6.8.12 probably won't fix anything either. I've installed a dnf plugin called versionlock meant to pin certain kernels as to not delete them and have already pinned kernel 6.8.9, but I'd still rather avoid upgrading.

What I really don't understand is what changed. Why does my system boot successfully in kernel 6.8.9 but fails in 6.8.10. I've read that others have had a similar experience with the 6.8.10 kernel on fedora, albeit for different reasons.

If someone can point me to the answers that would be great, but an explanation as to how to read that log and steps I could take to identify and troubleshoot would be just as welcomed.

UPDATE: In my /proc/cmdline I had an argument known called resume=/dev/mapper/cl-swap which was trying to find a swap partition that didn't exist.

I used the command cat /proc/cmdline to view my boot arguments and then ran the command sudo grubby --remove-args=<resume=UUID=xxx> --update-kernel=ALL where <resume=UUID=xxx was replaced with resume=/dev/mapper/cl-swap.

Where I got my answer

Thank you Domi@lemmy.secnd.me for linking the thread.

My Linux Mint Cinnamon won't boot up. It's getting stuck on this screen and I don't know what to do to proceed. Before this screen appears it shows the LM logo for a moment.

I'm a total noob and just been using this for a month or two. Did not make any recent changes that I can recall.

I need a few of these for rpi's around the farm. Tired of dealing with LoRa.

I'm running a few Debian stable systems that are up to date on patches.

But I just ran ssh -V and the OpenSSH version listed is "OpenSSH_9.2p1 Debian-2+deb12u3" which as I understand is still vulnerable.

Am I missing something or am I good?

I have a UVC capture card that I use to play my Switch. Currently, I utilize it via the full screen projector feature of OBS, but the Switch is 1080p while my monitor is 4k and the upscaling that OBS uses causes some noticeable artifacts.

I’m wondering if there’s an application with some configurable upscaling options that would make this experience better. I don’t need anything crazy that would cause noticeable input lag, but anything even slightly better than OBS would be welcome

Hello. I recently created a notification daemon which uses eww widgets for its front-end display. So if you are already using eww, give it a go.

I know this is a very niche use case, but if a single person finds it useful, I will be glad.

end-rs

Hello everyone,

I'm looking to increase the security of my computers a bit through firewalld (with the KDE settings). I have a desktop and a laptop, both running Fedora 40 with KDE plasma. I don't have access to the router's firewalls etc etc this is only for my machines.

The issue is I'm having a hard time navigating the zones and setting rules the way I want. I don't wanna deal with switching to UFW and while I generally like CLI stuff I'd prefer to generally stick with the GUI here even though I find it a bit confusing (I will use CLI if necessary tho).

Anyways, let's get to the point. Firstly the only difference between the laptop and desktop, in terms of use-case, is that on my desktop I'm always connected to my home's subnet via LAN while on my laptop I often connect to public wifis, so naturally the laptop is a little less secure.

For my use-case I care about 3 network interfaces:

• tailscale: this is the one I use to ssh into my machines and stuff and I want this to be the only interface which allows me to ssh. This is because not only it allows me to ssh remotely but also I figure is also the most secure way to use ssh as the tailscales team is probably better at security than I am.
• Proton VPN's: this I use for gaming, web browsing and seeding Linux ISOs so I'd like settings that block everything without affecting these usecases.
• normal internet: I almost always have my VPN on but occasionally I don't for one reason or another and I only use this for web browsing and gaming via steam. Settings I'd like here are essentially the same as ProtonVPN's but stricter if it makes sense to be stricter, especially on the laptop where it's likely a public wifi I'm conencting to when I'm not home. If it's possible I'd also like this interface to be hidden from nmap scans.

I do some light pentesting to learn so there's also that.

I currently have every relevant connection set to FedoraWorkstation zone by default except I manually tell the laptop to switch to public zone for public wifis (I'd change the default to be public and specify other zones for non-public connections but rn I'm in a period of time when I'm only connecting it to my home network so I wanna figure out this out first).

My question is, which zones should I use and what rules should I implement to make this more secure?

Thanks in advance

For example, there is Material Notes which has a editor toolbar with bold, indented, ~~stroke~~, etc. But this is rendered, exported to json or syntax like Markdown. This app too, in which i write this on lemmy, does the same. We have ☐, ☒, •, ‣ in Unicode, 𝗕𝗼𝗹𝗱, 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡, s̵t̵r̵o̵k̵e̵, so why not use this?

Basically, what i'm looking for is a text editor with toolbar/keystrokes for Android or Linux, which adds unicode symbols for rich text. It would make reading plain text notes/todo lists cross-device simpler. Yes, there's UnicodePad and Charmap but that's not the same.

edit: something where you mark a word, tap the B in the toolbar or press ctrl+b and it replaces the characters with uc bold characters, no? Tap the list button and it adds uc bullet points, etc...

So which one is actually official one? I can't describe what "official" mean here, maybe the one that actually came from reddit or the one with more subsscribers or one with more activity ?

Also Why there are multiple copies of same community in different instances? Isn't the whole point of lemmy is that it is federated?

It peaked at 4.05% in March. The last 2 months it went just below 4% as the Unknown category increased. For June the reverse happened, so 4.04% seems to be the real current share of Linux on Desktop as desktop clients were read properly/werent spoofed.

Hi ! I'm a little confuse between all immutable versions based on fedora. Is this correct : universal blue = tool to create image, based on fedora atomic desktop ?

With universal blue, they created :

• Bluefin = gnome
• Bluefin-DX = gnome + developper tools
• Aurora = kde
• Aurora-DX = kde + developper tools
• Bazzite = games

What the difference between silverble and bluefin for example, and which are you using ?

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.pt/post/5733711

A severe vulnerability in OpenSSH, dubbed "regreSSHion" (CVE-2024-6387), has been discovered by the Qualys Threat Research Unit, potentially exposing