I would rather convert the printer to direct drive first. There are various variations which are not expensive. I went with a cheap BMG extruder clone.
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You can print TPU using a Bowden setup, though you will have to slow your print down speed and tweak with your retraction settings too. 95A should work, softer TPU may work though I can't really guarantee that
It's easier to print flexibles with a direct drive setup. There are some printable direct drive mods for the ender 3 which others have had success with, may be something to look into!
I have been rather successful with Overture's High Speed TPU. It prints really well with my Bowden tube setup and it has a semi-rigid outer shell that goes away during extrusion. It sounds like exactly what you are looking for.
Keep retraction low and just give it a shot with quality filament! Overture High Speed was referenced earlier here and is a great call.
I have a franken-CR10 V2 that is far from stock but still bowden, and print everything from TPU to ASA to CF Nylon with zero issues. It really comes down to tuning. Direct drive will always have less room to flex of course, but you can definitely get things working with your setup if you take enough time to tweak.
Good luck, and share results here on the community!
Never done it on an ender 3, but I have an ender 3 clone (anycubic vyper) and it prints 95A shore TPU just fine with some calibration.
It's tricky but not impossible, I've done it with my Ender 3. You do need a different extruded though as the stock one has too large of a gap and the filament can easily kink and escape it. Clone BMG is a good choice, but you can also print a version of the stock one with tighter filament path. If you aren't going to print flexibles more, you can keep it bowden - adding the mass of a DD brings its own problems. After that it's just a matter of very slow primt speed (like 15mm/s slow) and little to no retraction using 95 TPU.