this post was submitted on 26 Sep 2022
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Linux
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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On a computer that is online, you can say
apt install --download-only foo
to download (and not actually install) the .deb files forfoo
and its dependencies to the directory/var/cache/apt/archives/
. You can then copy them from the online computer to the offline computer, and install them withdpkg -i *deb
(assuming the debs are in your current working directory). Note however thatapt
on the online computer will only download dependencies which aren't already installed. To force re-downloading of a specific package which is already installed, you can sayapt install --reinstall --download-only foo
.Instead of downloading with
apt install --download-only
you could also find the download paths for individual .deb packages using https://packages.debian.org/foo and then download them using a browser.You could also copy the contents of
/var/lib/apt/lists/
(after runningapt update
) and the contents of/var/cache/apt/archives/
both to the corresponding locations on the offline computer and, if yoursources.list
files have the same entries, then you can offline install the things you've put in the cache folder usingapt
instead ofdpkg
.Or, if you have lots of disk space, you can create an offline mirror of all (or some) of debian and point your
sources.list
file at a localfile:///
source and then you can useapt
like normal but completely offline.I used to do this many years back with a USB stick before I had Internet access at home. I think it was only the sources.list file that I needed to copy around along with a config file and the actual .deb files. It was possible to use apt-get on the offline machine instead of dpkg which worked better.