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People forget that the proximate cause of the lead contamination in Flint wasn't the pipes themselves (which had been in use, relatively safely, for decades), but instead that locals in charge of the water system got forcibly replaced with an emergency manager appointed by the (Republican) governor, who ordered the system to be switched from sourcing water from Detroit (Lake Huron) to the Flint River to save money and failed to treat it with the usual corrosion-control additives that Detroit had been using.
To blame the pipes is to let the Republicans off the hook for their miserliness, incompetence and systemic racism.
https://www.nrdc.org/stories/flint-water-crisis-everything-you-need-know
https://www.mlive.com/news/flint/2016/01/epa_official_says_he_was.html
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/chemical-study-ground-zero-house-flint-water-crisis-180962030/
The argument isn't just about acute or symptomatic exposure, but any exposure.
Lead can bioaccumulate within our bodies and while we may not yet know to what extent of health issues it can pose, we do know it is a neurotoxic substance.
What you are arguing is the equivalence of putting all of the blame on a construction team for lead/asbestos exposure when neither should have been used in the beginning. Yes, Flint should have been handled better, but the pipes also shouldn't have been leaded in the first place.
Okay but what you need to understand is that the EPA's allowable level of lead for municipal water supplies is 15 parts per billion (PPB) (which is very low), and the standard doesn't change based on what materials were used for the pipes. Getting below that threshold is not only achievable but expected even with lead pipes, if you treat the water properly. Flint's problem was that it didn't, because the Governor kicked out the people who knew what the fuck they were doing!
As for your 20/20 hindsight, it's just that: hindsight. A lot of these pipes date back to the early 1900s or earlier, when not only had plastic not yet been invented, even copper pipe barely existed because they hadn't figured out how to efficiently manufacture it water-tight yet (source). That means the alternatives to lead pipes were really shitty, such as terracotta or wood, and even if they did manage to use early copper pipes or some other metal, guess what: the joints would all be soldered with lead anyway. Moreover, this was also back when they were so ignorant about the cumulative effects of exposure to lead that they still thought it was a good idea to put it in things like gasoline and paint, so why would they have concerned themselves with the relatively small risk from using it in plumbing?
If Flint were a sunbelt city built mostly after 1950, then sure, using lead for the pipes would've been inexcusable. But Flint was already in decline by then, so most of it is older than that!
Sure they shouldn’t be let off the hook (they probably will be, have been though), but this was just a workaround to mitigate the lead in pipes. It was a good idea for a temporary fix
Those water mains always needed to be replaced and we were making zero progress on that
Yep 😡: https://www.npr.org/2022/10/05/1126884708/a-michigan-judge-drops-felony-charges-against-7-people-in-flint-water-scandal