As a beginner you don't see the benefits as it is indeed JS with extra steps. It's not worth it for small projects and prototypes, but once you start having larger projects where you need to refactor something, you'll see the benefits.

Also, auto-complete.

Types help you prevent errors while writing the code instead of while running. That's a massive benefit, as it literally makes a lot of errors impossible (as long as you don't work around it) - otherwise you have to write a lot of tests to get the same guarantees, and you could always miss something by doing that.

The other benefit is that it allows other developers to understand your code very, very quickly. Types describe what your data looks like - there is nothing more important in programming than that!

When you install an NPM library and your editor gives you hints about parameter types, return types etc., that's all Typescript types at work.

It helps for when you have a variable that's for numbers and you use it as a string or something else, it shouts an error. In other words, it protects you from yourself

No, it is slower than JS but it can be compiled to JS. The point of typescript is bringing static (or generally talking, predictable) types to variables, so that treating erroneously a number as a string should be more difficult. In a large codebase, it's easy to make mistakes and debugging is not instantaneous but it needs time. Typescript helps here. You write more code but it helps you out later

Typescript gives you better suggestions, red squiggles where you would get errors or bugs if you try to run it, more information about whatever it is you’re using that’s defined somewhere else, and some other neat stuff like project-wide renaming that works every time.