Canada

If one is using Google services which is most likely the case if they're using one of the popular Android phones that has Call Screen, then Google already has the ability to do that via multiple other avenues like Contacts, Gmail, Calendar, Photos, Docs, call logs and others. Not to mention they have root on every Android phone with Google Apps on it, but let's assume they're only collecting what you agreed to. In other words if one is in bed with Google services, adding Call Screen to the mix isn't increasing the amount of exposure by a significant amount. If we're in bed with Google anyways and they're doing everything you mentioned, we may as well get more services rendered for that.

Personally I'm very much in bed with Google ever since the Gmail beta in 2004-5. I'm not ecstatic about it. That's a risk I'm monitoring and have some mitigations in place for. I'm also not letting anyone else in my bed because every additional bedfellow is additional risk. E.g. Apple, Amazon, Microsoft, Meta or some small questionable entities like Brave.