I prefer simplicity and using the first example but I'd be happy to hear other options. Here's a few examples:
HTTP/1.1 403 POST /endpoint
{ "message": "Unauthorized access" }
HTTP/1.1 403 POST /endpoint
Unauthorized access (no json)
HTTP/1.1 403 POST /endpoint
{ "error": "Unauthorized access" }
HTTP/1.1 403 POST /endpoint
{
"code": "UNAUTHORIZED",
"message": "Unauthorized access",
}
HTTP/1.1 200 (🤡) POST /endpoint
{
"error": true,
"message": "Unauthorized access",
}
HTTP/1.1 403 POST /endpoint
{
"status": 403,
"code": "UNAUTHORIZED",
"message": "Unauthorized access",
}
Or your own example.
The transport is usually TCP/IP tho. But nowadays QUIC is trying to make it UDP. HTTP is specifically an Application Layer Protocol from OSI model
What I meant was that if you are returning 404 for example when a user doesn't exist. You can't tell if the user doesn't exist or someone changed the API to remove the endpoint.
But forcing HTTP codes without a moment to think it through seems to be the new fad.